2 Standards, definitions and books

 

2.1 Standards

Standards related to the QSE approach

standards

ISOinternational organization for standardization standards are international and are voluntary.

Most often the standards used for an integrated management system are:

The guidelines for ISO 9001 are: ISO/TS 9002 (2016): Quality management systems - Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2015

For services the “ISO 20000-1 (2011) Information technology Service management Part 1: Service management system requirements” standard is very appropriate.

The ISO 9000 family of standards includes also:

The three QSEquality, safety, environment standards are generic because they apply to any company, without any constraints relating to size, activity or type. The scope of application of the QSEquality, safety, environment integrated management system is determined and documentation is kept up-to-date. record 

Similarities and differences in the purpose of the three standards are shown in figure 2-1:

QSE standards
Figure 2-1. Purpose of QSE standards

The structure of the ISO 9001, ISO 45001 and ISO 14001 standards is very similar and this is one of the reasons for the use of these standards in integrated QSEquality, safety, environment management systems.

Another demonstration of the close relationship between the three standards is the common standard ISO 19011 (2018 – third version): Guidelines for auditing management systems.

A British PAS (Publicly available specification) is dedicated to the integration of management systems:

ISO 14004:2016 “Environmental management systems - General guidelines on implementation” contains a lot of explanations, practical advice and examples.

ISO 14005:2019 “Environmental management systems - Guidelines for a flexible approach to phased implementation” shows how to implement an environmental management system in 3 phases, 19 articles and 72 steps.

ISO 14031:2021 “Environmental management – Environmental performance evaluation - Guidelines” shows how to set up and use environmental performance evaluation (EPE) and life cycle analysis to find improvement points. Using indicators, we can evaluate our commitment to complying with legal and regulatory requirementsexplicit or implicit need or expectation (see also ISO 9000, 3.1.2), pollution prevention and continual improvementpermanent process allowing the improvement of the global performance of the organization (see also ISO 9000, 3.2.13 and ISO 14 001, 3.2).

The ISO 14044:2006 standard “Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guidelines” specifies the requirementsexplicit or implicit need or expectation (see also ISO 9000, 3.1.2) and provides guidelines for carrying out life cycle analyses.

The ISO 14063:2020 “Environmental management - Environmental communication - Guidelines and examples” standard provides guidelines on the general principles, policy, strategy and activities related to internal and external environmental communication.

The ISO 14050: 2020 “Environmental Management – Vocabulary” standard provides definitions of fundamental concepts, directly related to environmental management.

Two AFNOR documents are dedicated to the implementation of an IMSintegrated management system:

And two other French documents related to the processes with explanations, recommendations and examples:

All these standards and many others can be ordered on the AFNOR (French Standardization Association) website in the standards catalog shop section.

The permanent Environment and Nuisance Code, Legislative Editions is reissued each year.

More than 28,000 standards (in English and other languages) are available free of charge on the Public.resource.Org website.

A site rich in very practical advice sheets is INERIS (National Institute of the Industrial Environment and Risks).

The standards in the ISO 10001 to ISO 10019 series are guidelines for integrated management systems and will help you find many answers (see ISO 9004: 2018, Bibliography).

Standards related to risks:

FMEAfailure mode and effects analysis documents:

For automobiles:

Other standards related to the QSEquality, safety, environment approach:

None of these standards are mandatory, but as Deming said:

It is not necessary to change. Survival is not mandatory

Top of the page

 

2.2 Definitions

QSE manager, definitions, terms, acronyms

2.2

The beginning of wisdom is the definition of terms. Socrates

The word responsible comes from the Latin respondere "to answer for one's actions".

Some authors replace the term QSEquality, safety, environment manager, with more or less success. Some synonyms, of which for the moment none manages to impose itself include:

Of course, neither the QSEquality, safety, environment manager nor the department are solely responsible for quality in a company. Deming says that 94% of the troubles belong to the systemset of interacting processes (see also ISO 9000, 3.2.1) for which top management is responsible.

In a company, everyone assumes their responsibilities, but the responsibility for the QSEquality, safety, environment approach begins with top management because, as the Romanian proverb says:

When you sweep the stairs, you start at the top. Romanian proverb

Some definitions and acronyms:

5 M: Mothe nature, Material,Method, Manpower, Machine (Fishbone or Ishikawa diagram) 
5 S: from Japanese Seiri = sort, Seiton = set in order, Seiso = shine, Seiketsu = standardize and Shitsuke = sustain
5 W: five times Why?
Accident: unwanted event causing death or damage to health and the environment
Anomaly: variation compared to what is expected
AV: added value
CC: compliance cost
Conformity: fulfillment of a specified requirement
Control plan: document describing the specific measures to carry out the control of a product or process
Control: ensure compliance with the specified criteria
COQ: cost of obyaining quality
Corrective action: action to elimiate the causes of nonconfority or any other indesirable event and to prevent their recurrence
Criticality: level of a potential risk
Curative action: action to eliminate a detected nonconformity
Customer satisfaction: tthe top priority objective of every management system
Customer: the one who receives a product
Defect: nonconformity related to a specified use
Direction (top management): group or persons responsible for management at the highest level of the company
Document (documented information): any support allowing the processing of information
Dysfunction: deviation in the ability of a functional unit to perform a specified function
Effectiveness: capacity to perform planned activities with minimum effort
Efficiency: financial relationship between achieved results and resources used
Environment: space in which any organization functions
Environmental aspect: any element of a business that can react with the environment
Environmental impact: any change in the environment caused by an organization
Fail safe device: system allowing the prevention of errors by eliminating the human factor, also called Poka-Yoké
Failure: variation of an aptitude of a functional unit to satisfy a specified function
FMEA: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
Gemba: from Japanese, real place, in the field
Hazard: situation that could lead to an incident
IMS: integrated management system
Incident: undesired event that could lead to health damages
Indicator: value of a parameter, associated with an objective, allowing the objective measure of its effectiveness
Integrated management system: set of processes to achieve QSE objectives
ISO: International Organization for Standardization
Kaizen: from Japanese, kai = change and zen = good (for the better, better), Kaizen = continual improvement
Management system: set of processes allowing objectives to be achieved
Manager: someone who gets results through other people
Muda: from Japanese, waste
Mura: from Japanese, irregularity
Muri: from Japanese, difficulty
Nonconformity (NC): non-fulfillment of a specified requirement
Non-quality: non-fulfillment of a specified requirement
Occupational health and safety: everything that can influence the wellbeing of the personnel in a company
OHS: occupational health and safety
Organization: a structure that satisfies a need
Performance: measurable and expected results of the management system 
Poka-Yoké: pfrom Japanese Poka - unintentional error, Yoké - avoid. See Fail safe device
Preventive action: action to eliminate the potential causes of nonconformity or any other undesirable event and to prevent their appearance
Problem: gap that must be reduced to obtain a result
Process: activities that transform input into output
Product (or service): any result of a process or activity
QCDSE: Quality, Cost, Deadline, Safety, Environment
QSE objective: measurable goal to be achieved related to the QSE approach
QSE policy: statement by top management allowing the establishment of QSE objectives
QSE: quality, safety, environment 
Quality management: activities allowing the control of an organization with regard to quality
Quality objective: quality related, measurable goal that must be achieved
Requirement: implicit or explicit need or expectation
Risk: likelihood of occurrence of a threat or an opportunity
Safety: absence of unacceptable risk
Scrap: treatment of an unrecoverable product
SMED: Single Minute Exchange of Die 
SPC: Statistical Process Control
Stakeholder: person, group or company that can affect or be affected by an organization 
System: set of interacting processes
Supplier (external provider): the one who procures a product
Top management: group or persons in charge of the organizational control at the highest level
TQC: Total Quality Control
Waste: anything that adds cost but no value
WWWWHHW: Who, What, Where, When, How, How much, Why

In the terminology used, do not confuse:

Remark 1: the use of ISO 9000, ISO 19011, ISO 45001 and ISO 14001 definitions is recommended. The most important thing is to determine a common and unequivocal vocabulary for everyone in the company. 

Remark 2: the customer can also be the user, the beneficiary, the trigger, the ordering party or the consumer.

Remark 3: document or documented information is any information that we must maintain (procedure procedure) or retain (record record).

Remark 4: each time you use the expression "opportunity for improvement" instead of nonconformity, malfunction or failure, you will gain a little more trust from your interlocutor (external or internal customer).

For other definitions, comments, explanations and interpretations that you don’t find in this module and in annex 06, you can consult: recordexplications

gameMinute of relaxation. Cf. game: Effectiveness

Top of the page

 

2.3 Books

Books related to quality, QSE manager, standards and tools

 2.3

When I think of all the books still left for me to read, I am certain of further happiness. Jules Renard

explicationsBooks for further reading on quality:

 Minute of relaxation. Paganini's violin concert performed with facial expressions.

Top of the page